article · 01/06/2015
Adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing
Résumé
Matrix rigidity sensing regulates a large variety of cellular processes and has important implications for tissue development and disease. However, how cells probe matrix rigidity, and hence respond to it, remains unclear. Here, we show that rigidity sensing and adaptation emerge naturally from actin cytoskeleton remodelling. Our in vitro experiments and theoretical modelling demonstrate a biphasic rheology of the actin cytoskeleton, which transitions from fluid on soft substrates to solid on stiffer ones. Furthermore, we find that increasing substrate stiffness correlates with the emergence of an orientational order in actin stress fibres, which exhibit an isotropic to nematic transition that we characterize quantitatively in the framework of active matter theory. These findings imply mechanisms mediated by a large-scale reinforcement of actin structures under stress, which could be the mechanical drivers of substrate stiffness-dependent cell shape changes and cell polarity.
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Gupta, M., Sarangi, B.-R., Deschamps, J., Nematbakhsh, Y., Callan-Jones, A., Margadant, F., Mege, R.-M., Lim, C.-T., Voituriez, R., & Ladoux, B. (2015). Adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing. NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 6(7525). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8525@article{Gupta2015_198,
author = {Gupta, Mukund and Sarangi, Bibhu Ranjan and Deschamps, Joran and Nematbakhsh, Yasaman and Callan-Jones, Andrew and Margadant, Felix and Mege, Rene-Marc and Lim, Chwee Teck and Voituriez, Raphael and Ladoux, Benoit},
year = {2015},
month = {6},
title = {Adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing},
journal = {NATURE COMMUNICATIONS},
volume = {6},
number = {7525},
abstract = {Matrix rigidity sensing regulates a large variety of cellular processes and has important implications for tissue development and disease. However, how cells probe matrix rigidity, and hence respond to it, remains unclear. Here, we show that rigidity sensing and adaptation emerge naturally from actin cytoskeleton remodelling. Our in vitro experiments and theoretical modelling demonstrate a biphasic rheology of the actin cytoskeleton, which transitions from fluid on soft substrates to solid on stiffer ones. Furthermore, we find that increasing substrate stiffness correlates with the emergence of an orientational order in actin stress fibres, which exhibit an isotropic to nematic transition that we characterize quantitatively in the framework of active matter theory. These findings imply mechanisms mediated by a large-scale reinforcement of actin structures under stress, which could be the mechanical drivers of substrate stiffness-dependent cell shape changes and cell polarity.},
url = {http://www.dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8525},
doi = {10.1038/ncomms8525},
issn = {2041-1723},
}TY - JOUR
AU - Gupta, Mukund
AU - Sarangi, Bibhu Ranjan
AU - Deschamps, Joran
AU - Nematbakhsh, Yasaman
AU - Callan-Jones, Andrew
AU - Margadant, Felix
AU - Mege, Rene-Marc
AU - Lim, Chwee Teck
AU - Voituriez, Raphael
AU - Ladoux, Benoit
PY - 2015
DA - 2015/06/01
TI - Adaptive rheology and ordering of cell cytoskeleton govern matrix rigidity sensing
JO - NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
VL - 6
IS - 7525
SN - 2041-1723
AB - Matrix rigidity sensing regulates a large variety of cellular processes and has important implications for tissue development and disease. However, how cells probe matrix rigidity, and hence respond to it, remains unclear. Here, we show that rigidity sensing and adaptation emerge naturally from actin cytoskeleton remodelling. Our in vitro experiments and theoretical modelling demonstrate a biphasic rheology of the actin cytoskeleton, which transitions from fluid on soft substrates to solid on stiffer ones. Furthermore, we find that increasing substrate stiffness correlates with the emergence of an orientational order in actin stress fibres, which exhibit an isotropic to nematic transition that we characterize quantitatively in the framework of active matter theory. These findings imply mechanisms mediated by a large-scale reinforcement of actin structures under stress, which could be the mechanical drivers of substrate stiffness-dependent cell shape changes and cell polarity.
DO - 10.1038/ncomms8525
UR - http://www.dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8525
ER -